LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 22:3 March 2022
ISSN 1930-2940

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Negative Impacts of Racialism and Ethnocentrism of Afghans in
The Kite Runner

Abdul Wadood Hakim


Courtesy: amazon.com

Abstract

Racism is a global phenomenon that identifies certain people as superior and others as inferior in social cultures based on physical characteristics, ethnicity, race, and nationality. The Kite Runner is a novel that depicts racial discrimination, racism, and ethnic strife in Afghanistan's society between Pashtuns and Hazaras, two different races and ethnic groups. Racism and ethnicity are sometimes confused as synonyms; however, ethnicity is a subtype of racism in social culture. Racial discrimination occurs when a person receives unequal treatment because of their actual or perceived race, as well as when a person is treated less favorably or denied the same opportunities as others in a similar circumstance because of their race, birth country, ethnic origin, or skin color. As we all know, ethnic groups exist in every country; however, in most developed countries, ethnic groups with similar origins and customs might or might not be judged identically by power-hander ethnic groups, whereas ethnic groups without similar origins and customs have never been judged identically by power-hander ethnic groups. Afghanistan, for example, is a truly multi-ethnic country.

Using Afghan people as an example, this study examines social concerns, cultural issues, racial discrimination, and scientific research on people's races and ethnic characteristics. Racism and racial prejudice are two flaws in human society from the 16th through the 19th century; however, they are not considered scientific findings. As a result of Feagin's rejection of human diversity, this research will look into the root causes of ethnic biases and racial discrimination among Afghans in the novel, as well as the reasons for their ethnic behavior.

Keywords: The Kite Runner, Discrimination, Racialism, Ethnocentrism, Pashtun, Hazara

1. Introduction

Post-colonialism is a term that spans across ideas of imperialism, modernity, racism, ethnicity, culture geography, and post-modernism, and is implicated in all of them (Ashcroft, 1989). The term "post-colonialism" is commonly used to describe the transition from colonialism to self-determination among formerly colonized countries. According to Homi Bhabha, “post-colonial perspectives interfere in those ideological discourses of modernity that aim to lend hegemonic "normality" to the uneven development and disparate, sometimes disadvantageous histories of nations, races, groups, and peoples” (Bhabha, 1994). Imperialism is described as a wealthy and powerful country's dominance over a weak country (Appiah, 1986), and it can take many forms, such as military, economic, and cultural exploitation. As a result, it served as a vehicle/target via which European countries' culture and practices affected the rest of the globe. However, the colonized faced tension and resistance as a result of the major countries' imperialism. In any case, these events marked the beginning of a new era known as post-colonialism, not the conclusion of a period. Postcolonial literature addresses the social, cultural, and political difficulties that colonized countries face after gaining independence from colonizers. The issues and effects of a country's colonization are frequently addressed in postcolonial literature, particularly questions relating to the political and cultural independence of formerly subjugated people, as well as themes such as racialism and colonialism. Postcolonial (post-colonialism) is a term that refers to a body of literary theory and practice that is used to represent this new period of study. Postcolonial (post-colonialism) is concerned with a variety of experiences: Migration, enslavement, repression, resistance, representation, diversity, race, gender, and location are all issues that need to be addressed. Despite these circumstances, which can be found in a variety of places, including post-colonial literary works, post-colonial literature is a genuine response to empire and colonialism. Because the word post denotes after the colonial time, post-colonial literature is a proper response to empire and colonizers in order to all of these scenarios that occur from a variety of sources, involving literary works released after the colonial period, “postcolonial literature refers to works that have been influenced by the imperial practice from colonization to present day” (Allan, 1998).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Abdul Wadood Hakim
Beijing Language and Culture University
English Department, School of Language and Literature
Alberoni University, Kapisa, Kohistan, Afghanistan
hakimabdulwadood2022@gmail.com
(0086)-1316-1113-599
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