LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 13:4 April 2013
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Name Agreement Norms for a Set of 260 Pictures in Kannada for Children

Wasim Ahmed, MASLP, Anusha N Murthy
Aditi Gargeshwari and Nikitha M.

Abstract

The utility of picture naming is beyond dispute, yet, it has become evident to us that cross linguistic comparisons using this technique are limited by the absence of comparable naming norms across the languages. As there are many different ways to depict an object in a picture, each one can elicit a different response. Also, the degree to which each picture possesses the characteristics that affect the process under investigation is unknown. To be able to compare studies that used picture naming, it is important to have norms of the pictorial stimuli that are used in these studies.

The most frequently used picture set in norming studies is the one developed by Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980). These authors standardized 260 pictures on following variables: name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, age of acquisition (AoA) and visual complexity. These variables are known to have very high theoretical importance in studies of picture naming.

A total of 100 subjects within the age range of 5-16 years participated in the study. All were native Kannada speakers and approximately equal number of males and females served in task. Stimuli consisted of 260 pictures, developed by Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980). All were instructed to identify each picture with the first name that came to their mind which may consist of more than one word. The collected data was suitably tabulated and was subjected to descriptive statistical treatment along with information statistic ‘H’ and with percentage agreement scores for each picture.

Results of this study provided a positive indication that these pictures can be utilized to fulfill various experimental needs pertaining to Kannada speaking children, though standardization based upon rest of the variables namely image agreement, visual complexity, concept familiarity and age of acquisition are necessary and will facilitate the experimenters to select pictures efficiently to suit their needs.

Key Words: Standardized Picture Set, Kannada, Children, Line Drawings.

Introduction

Name agreement refers to the degree to which participants agree on the name of the picture. Name agreement is measured by assessing the number of different names given to a particular picture across participants. Pictures that elicit many different names have lower name agreement than do those that elicit a single name. Name agreement is also a robust predictor of naming difficulty. Pictures with a single dominant response are named more quickly and accurately than those with multiple responses (Barry et al., 1997; Lachman, Shaffer, &Hennrikus, 1974; Paivio, et al., 1989; Snodgrass &Yuditsky, 1996; Vitkovitch& Tyrrell, 1995). More importantly, name agreement affects naming latencies independently of the effects of correlated attributes such as word frequency and rated age of acquisition (Lachman et al., 1974; Vitkovitch & Tyrrell, 1995).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Wasim Ahmed, MASLP
Lecturer
wasim.9@gmail.com

Anusha N Murthy
III B.Sc. (Speech and Hearing)
anushhhh8@gmail.com

Aditi Gargeshwari
III B.Sc. Speech and Hearing
ad.muggle@gmail.com

Nikitha M
III B.Sc. Speech and Hearing
nikitham25@gmail.com

JSS Institute of Speech and Hearing
Ooty Road
Mysore - 570025
Karnataka
India
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