LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 13 : 2 February 2013
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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The Dynamic Forces which Help the Spread of English in Pakistan

Sajid Hussain Turi, M.Phil, Abdul Saeed, M.Phil, and
Kaleem Raza Khan, Ph.D.

Abstract

English as an international language is deemed to be the most effective language for communication in many respects. It is the reason that in many countries, English is taught and learned either as an EN, ESL or EFL. Those countries, which had remained colonies under the British Empire have adopted English as an ESL. Pakistan being a part of united India is also among those countries where English is taught as a compulsory subject. English influenced the local languages from day one when British occupied the land. Its influence is increasing day by day due to the increased education, economic needs and the modern technologies. In this study, we have examined some of the dynamic forces which characterize the spread of English in Pakistan. The data were collected through online sources, documents and articles. The thematic analysis of the study highlights some of the important factors responsible for speeding up the spread of English in Pakistan.

Keywords: Dynamic forces, Spread of English, Pakistan, ESL and EFL.

1. Introduction

The emergence of English as a Lingua Franca has speedily changed the linguistic map of the world (Matsuda, 2006). Research has shown that there are many dynamic forces which have speeded up the spread of English particularly in the Subcontinent. This study examines those dynamic forces which have caused the spread of English in the context of South Asia particularly in Pakistan. For this purpose, this study takes into account a range of dimensions such as the present status of English in the world, particularly English in Pakistan: colonial and post colonial periods. Finally, the study examines the forces which gear up the spread of English in Pakistan.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Sajid Hussain Turi
Lecturer
Department of Modern Languages
Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
sajid.turi@kiu.edu.pk

Abdul Saeed
Assistant Professor
Department of Modern Languages
Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
abdul.saeed@kiu.edu.pk

Kaleem Raza Khan
Professor
Department of English
University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
krazakhan@yahoo.com
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