LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 3 : 4 April 2003

Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Associate Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.

COMPUTATIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF TAMIL VERBAL COMPLEX

S. Rajendran, Ph.D., S.Viswanathan, & Ramesh Kumar


2. 7. TAM CHART

(The TAM chart is divided into two parts to adjust with the space.)

Table 1: The vebal bases occurring at the first level and the suffixes occurring at the second level

Class Stem alternants Past tense suffix Present tense suffix after verb base) Future tense suffix (occurring immediately after verb base)

negative suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Infinitive suffix (occurring immediately  after verb base)

Adverbial suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Nominizer 1 (occurring immediately after the verb)

Nominizer 2 (occurring immediately after the verb)

Nominizer 1 (occurring immediately after the verb)

class 1  cey class

cey ~ ceyy

t

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

tu ~t

tal

al

kai

class 2  azu class

azu ~ az

t

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

tu~t

tal

al

kai

class 3  caa class

caa ~ ce

t

kiR ~ kinR

v ~

kum

kaa~kaat

ka

ttu~tt

tal

kal

kai

class 4

viTu class

viTu ~ viT

T

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

Tu~T

tal

al

kai

class 5 peRu-class

peRu~ peR

R

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

Ru~R

tal

al

kai

class 6

pukaz-class

pukaz

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~

ndt

tal

al

kai

class 7

vizu-class,

vizu~

viz

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~

ndt

tal

al

kai

class 8

aRi-class

aRi~

aRiy

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~

ndt

tal

al

kai

class 9

ndoo-class

ndoo~

ndo~

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

ndtu~

ndt

tal

kal

kai

class 10

vee-class

vee~

ve~

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

ndtu~

ndt

tal

kal

kai

class 11

vaa-class,

vaa~

va~

varu~

var

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~

ndt

tal

al

kai

class 12

akal-class

akal~

aka

nR

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

nRu~ nR

tal

al

kai

class 13

kol-class

kol ~ko ~ koll

nR

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

nRu~ nR

tal

al

kai

class 14

aaL-class

aaL~aa

NT

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

NTu ~NT

tal

al

kai

class 15

koL-class

koL~ko~

koLL

NT

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

NTu~ NT

tal

al

kai

class 16

ooTu-class

ooTu~

ooT

in

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

i~iy

tal

al

kai

class 17

col-class

col~co~

coll

nn

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

i~iy

tal

al

kai

class 18

poo-class

poo

n

kiR ~ kinR

v~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

y

tal

kal

kai

class 19

kal-class

kal~

kaR

R

kiR ~ kinR

p~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

Ru~R

Ral

kal

kai

class 20

keeL-class

keeL~

keeT

T

kiR ~ kinR

p~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

Tu~T

tal

kal

kai

class 21

puuN-class

puuN

T

kiR ~ kinR

p~um

aa~aat

a

Tu~T

tal

al

kai

class 22

uN-calss

uN~uNN

T

kiR ~ kinR

p~um

aa~aat

a

Tu~T

tal

al

kai

class 23

kaaN-class

kaaN~

kaN

T

kiR ~ kinR

p~um

aa~aat

a

NTu

utal

al

kai

class 24

tin-class

tin ~tinn

R

kiR ~ kinR

p~um

aa~aat

a

nRu~

nR

utal

al

kai

class 25 en-class

en

R

kiR ~ kinR

p~um

aa~aat

a

nRu~

nR

utal

al

kai

class 26

ndil-class

ndil~ ndi~

ndiR

~ndill

nR

kiR ~ kinR

p~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

nRu

Ral

kal

kai

class 27

paTi-class

paTi

tt

kkiR ~ kkinR

pp~

kkum

kkaa~

kkaat

kka

ttu~

tt

ttal

kkal

kkai

class 28

ndaTa-class

ndaTa

ndt

kkiR ~ kkinR

 

kkaa~

kkaaat

kka

ndtu~

ndt

ttal

kkal

kkai

Table 2: The suffixes occurring at the third and fourth level

Verb  class

PNG suffix

(occurring immediately after tense suffix)

Neuter PNG suffix

(occurring immediately after the negative  suffix aa)

Adverbial suffix (occurring immediately after negative aa)

Adjectival suffix (occurring immediately after tense suffix or negative suffix aat)

Conditional suffix (occurring immediately after past tense suffix)

Nominalizer 4 (occurring immediately after the negative aa)

Gerundival nominalizers occurring after adjectival participle)

Pronominalizers (occurring immediately after the adjectival participle)

class 1  cey class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 2  azu class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 3  caa class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

 

class 4

viTu class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 5 peRu-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

 

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 6

pukaz-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 7

vizu-class,

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 8

aRi-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 9

ndoo-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 10 vee-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 11

vaa-class,

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 12

akal-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 13

kol-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 14

aaL-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 15

koL-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 16

ooTu-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 17

col-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 18

poo-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 19

kal-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 20

keeL-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 21

puuN-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 22

uN-calss

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 23

kaaN-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 24

tin-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 25 en-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 26

ndil-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 27

paTi-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

class 28

ndaTa-class

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

Table 3: The third level auxiliary verbs occurring after infinitive and the suffixes of second occurring at the fourth level

Auxilary verbs occurring after  infinitive form

Past tense suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb stem)

Present  tense suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Future tense suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Negative suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Infinitive suffix (occurring immediately  after verb base)

Adverbial suffix

(occurring immediately  after verb base)

Nominizer 1 (occurring immediately after the verb)

Nominizer 2 (occurring immediately after the verb)

Nominizer 1 (occurring immediately after the verb)

TTum *

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

muTi~

muTiy

ndt

kiR ~ kinR

um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~

ndt

-

-

-

iyal

-

-

um

aa~aat

a

-

-

-

-

kuuTum*

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

kuuT

-

-

 um

aa~aat

-

i

-

-

-

paar

tt

kkiR ~ kkinR

pp~ kkum

kkaa~

kkaat

kka

ttu~

tt

ttal

kkal

kkai

iru

ndt

kkiR ~ kkinR

pp ~kkum

aa~aat

kka

ndtu~ndt

ttal

kkal

kkai

poo

n

kiR ~ kinR

v~kum

kaa~kaat

ka

y

tal

kal

kai

varu~var~va~vaa (1)

ntd

kiR ~ kinR

v~um

aa~aat

a

nRu~ nR

tal

al

kai

varu~var~va~vaa (2)

-

kiR~kinR

um

aa~aat

a

ndtu~ ndt

-

-

-

veeNT

-

-

um

-

-

i ~iy

-

-

-

veeNTivaru ~  va 

ndt

kiR~kinR

um

aa~aat

a

ndtu ~ndu

tal

al

kai

maaTT

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

illai *

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

cey~ceyy

t

kiR ~ kinR

v ~um

aa~aat

a

tu~t

tal

al

kai

vai

tt

kkiR ~ kinR

pp ~ kkum

kkaa ~ kkaat

a

ttu ~ t

ttal

kkal

kkai

paTu ~ paT

T

kiR ~ kinR

v ~ um

aa ~ aat

a

Tu ~ T

tal

al

kai

Table 4: The third level auxiliary verbs occurring after infinitive and the suffixes of third level occurring at the fifth level and the suffixes of fourth level occurring at the sixth level

Auxilary verbs occurring after  infinitive form

PNG suffix

(occurring immediately after tense suffix)

Neuter PNG suffix

(occurring immediately after the negative  suffix aa)

Adverbial suffix (occurring immediately after negative aa)

Adjectival suffix (occurring immediately after tense suffix or negative suffix aat)

Conditional suffix (occurring immediately after past tense suffix)

Nominalizer 4 (occurring immediately after the negative aa)

Gerundival nominalizers occurring after adjectival participle)

Pronominalizers (occurring immediately after the adjectival participle)

TTum *

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

muTi~

muTiy

-

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

iyal

-

tu

mal~tu

-

-

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/va

kuuT

 

tu

-

a

-

-

 

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

paar

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

iru

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

 

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

poo

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

varu~var~va~vaa (1)

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu/vai

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

varu~var~va~vaa (2)

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

veeNT-

-

-

-

a

-

-

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

maaTT

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

-

-

-

-

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

illai *

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

cey~ceyy

een/oom/aay

/iir/iirkaL/aan/

aaL/aar/

atu/ana

tu

mal~tu

a

aal

mai

tu

van/vaL/var/ varkaL/tu/vai

vai